Bayanin gabaɗaya
Cutar kwayar cuta ta yau da kullum da ke haifar da cututtukan numfashi, kumburin ido da gudawa. Hasashen waraka mai kyau ga mutane masu lafiya.
Bayanin gabaɗaya
Cututtukan adenovirus cututtuka ne na yau da kullun da ƙwayoyin cuta sama da iri 50 na adenovirus ke haifarwa. Suna haifar da yanayi daban-daban ciki har da cututtukan numfashi, kumburewar ido (pink eye), cututtukan ciki da hanji, da cututtukan hanyoyin fitsari. Allurar rigakafi tana samuwa ga ma'aikatan soja (iri 4 da 7).
Bayanin gabaɗaya
Adenoviruses ƙwayoyin cuta ne na DNA marasa sutura tare da sama da iri 50 da aka sani waɗanda sukan haifar da cututtuka masu sauƙi da kuma kawo ƙarshensu da kansu, musamman a cikin yara. Iri daban-daban suna da sha'awar nama daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka iri-iri.
Wasu iri suna haifar da kumburewar ido mai tsanani ta yaɗuwa (epidemic keratoconjunctivitis) da zazzabin makogwaro-da-ido (kumburewar idon wurin wanka). Iri 4 da 7 suna haifar da barkewar cutar numfashi mai tsanani a tsakanin sabbin 'yan soja, wanda allurar rigakafi ta baki mai rai ke samuwa. Adenoviruses suna da juriya sosai ga magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa.
Alamomin gaggawa
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alamomin rashin ruwa a cikin ƙananan yara masu ciwon ciki da hanji (bushewar baki, raguwar fitsari, kasala)
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ciwo mai tsanani a ido ko sauyin gani kwatsam
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wahalar numfashi (musamman abin damuwa a cikin marasa lafiya masu rauni na garkuwar jiki)
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zazzabi mai tsanani da bai ƙare ba a cikin mutane masu rauni na garkuwar jiki
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jini a cikin fitsari tare da wahalar fitsari
Cikakkun alamomi
Alamomi da alamu mafi yawa
Alamomin cututtuka sun bambanta gwargwadon irin adenovirus da wurin da cutar ta kama.
Numfashi (iri 1–7): Zazzabi, tari, ciwo a makogwaro, majina. Yana iya ci gaba zuwa bronchitis ko ciwon huhu.
Zazzabin makogwaro-da-ido (iri 3, 7): Zazzabi, ciwo a makogwaro, da kumburewar ido — yawanci yana da alaƙa da wuraren wanka.
Kumburewar ido mai tsanani ta yaɗuwa (iri 8, 19, 37): Ciwo mai tsanani a ido, hawaye, rashin iya jurewa haske, gani mara kyau.
Ciwon ciki da hanji (iri 40, 41): Gudawa mai ruwa, amai, zazzabi.
Kumburewar mafitsara mai zubar jini (iri 11, 21): Jini a cikin fitsari, fitsari mai ciwo.
Sanin alamomi shine mataki na farko don amsa cikin sauri.
Tafiyar cuta
Lokacin ɓoye cutar yana daga kwanaki 2 zuwa 14 gwargwadon irin adenovirus da wurin da cutar ta kama. Ciwon numfashi yawanci yana ɗaukar kwanaki 3–7. Kumburewar ido na iya ci gaba har mako 1–4. Ciwon ciki da hanji yana ɗaukar kwanaki 5–12. Zubar da ƙwayoyin cutar na iya ci gaba har makonni zuwa watanni bayan alamomin cutar sun ƙare, musamman a cikin najasa.
Binciken cuta
Yadda ake gano wannan cutar
Gwajin PCR daga ruwan numfashi, najasa, fitsari, ko swab na ido shine hanyar da ta fi ƙarfin gano cutar. Gwaje-gwajen gano antigen cikin gaggawa suna samuwa don ire-iren adenovirus na numfashi da na hanji. Ana kuma amfani da noman ƙwayoyin cuta. Nazarin jini bai da amfani sosai don ganowa nan take. A yawancin lokuta, gwajin musamman na ƙwayoyin cuta ba lallai ba ne saboda magani yana zama na tallafawa ko wane ƙwayar cuta ce ta haifar da cutar.
Magani
Hanyoyin magani da ake da su
Yawancin cututtukan adenovirus suna ƙare da kansu kuma suna buƙatar kulawa mai tallafawa kawai: shan ruwa mai yawa, hutawa, da magungunan rage zazzabi idan an buƙata. Babu magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da aka amince da su don cututtukan adenovirus na yau da kullun. Ana iya bi da cututtuka masu tsanani a cikin marasa lafiya masu rauni na garkuwar jiki da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararru. Ana bi da kumburewar ido mai tsanani ta yaɗuwa da kulawa mai tallafawa ga ido — hawaye na roba da matsattsun sanyi.
Yawancin lokuta ana magance su yadda ya kamata tare da gano cutar da wuri.
Cikakkun bayanin rigakafi
Yadda za ka kare kanka
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yawan wanke hannu da sabulu da ruwa (adenoviruses suna da juriya ga magungunan tsaftacewa na giya)
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saka chlorine isasshe a wuraren wanka
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tsaftace saman abubuwa da magungunan bleach (adenovirus yana da juriya ga magungunan tsaftacewa da yawa)
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tsaftar numfashi: rufe tari, guji kusanci mutane idan kana da alamomi
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allurar rigakafi ta baki mai rai don adenovirus iri 4 da 7 tana samuwa ne kawai ga ma'aikatan sojan Amurka masu shekaru 17-50
Shirye-shirye shine mafi kyawun kariya.
Shawarar tafiya
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adenovirus ba haɗari ce ta musamman da ke da alaƙa da tafiya ba
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yi amfani da tsaftar hannu mai kyau, musamman kusa da ƙananan yara
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guji yin iyo a wuraren wanka marasa chlorine isasshe ko wuraren ruwa na halitta masu barkewar cututtuka
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ma'aikatan soja da za a tura su wuraren horarwa su tabbatar sun sami allurar rigakafin adenovirus (iri 4 da 7) idan sun cancanta
Yaya yawancinta?
Ƙididdiga da bayanan yanki
Adenoviruses suna yaɗuwa a duk duniya, duk shekara, tare da tsayin daka a lokacin sanyi da bazara don ire-iren numfashi da kuma lokacin rani don kumburewar ido (da ke da alaƙa da wuraren wanka). Suna yaɗuwa a wuraren kula da yara, makarantu, da sansanonin soja. Adenoviruses na hanji (iri 40, 41) sune dalili na biyu mafi yawa na ciwon ciki da hanji na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yara bayan rotavirus.
Dalilan haɗari
Wanene ke cikin haɗarin mafi girma
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ƙananan yara (wuraren kula da yara da makarantu)
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sabbin 'yan soja (sansanonin horarwa masu cunkoso)
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mutane masu rauni na garkuwar jiki (dashen gaɓoɓin jiki, HIV, chemotherapy)
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masu iyo a wuraren wanka marasa chlorine isasshe
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ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya masu mu'amala da marasa lafiya
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mazauna wuraren zama na jama'a
Cikakkun bayanan matsaloli
Rikitarwa da za ta iya faruwa
Matsaloli ba su da yawa a cikin mutane masu lafiya. Marasa lafiya masu rauni na garkuwar jiki na iya kamuwa da cuta mai yaɗuwa, ciwon huhu mai tsanani, ciwon hanta, da kumburewar mafitsara mai zubar jini. Cututtukan adenovirus a cikin jarirai na iya haifar da lalacewar hanta mai tsanani. Toshewar bututun numfashi bayan kamuwa da cuta matsala ce da ba kasafai ake samu ba a cikin yara bayan ciwon huhu mai tsanani na adenovirus. An ruwaito haɗewar hanji a cikin dangantaka da ire-iren adenovirus na hanji.
Murmurewa da hasashe
Sakamakon da ake tsammani da murmurewa
Hasashen waraka yana da kyau sosai ga mutane masu ƙarfin garkuwar jiki — yawancin cututtuka suna warkewa cikin kwanaki 5-10 ba tare da matsaloli ba. Cututtukan adenovirus na iya zama masu tsanani ko kisa a cikin marasa lafiya masu rauni na garkuwar jiki (masu karɓar gaɓoɓin jiki, mutane masu dauke da HIV). A cikin sabbin 'yan soja, ciwon huhu na adenovirus na iya zama mai tsanani idan ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba.