Wannan shafin yana aiwatar da ayyuka na asali kuma bai shirya don amfanin marasa lafiya ba tukuna.
Wannan shafin yana aiwatar da ayyuka na asali kuma bai shirya don amfanin marasa lafiya ba tukuna.
Don bayani kawai — ba shawarar likita ba ne
Yaya tsananinsa?
Haɗarin mutuwa
Eh
Allurar rigakafi tana nan?
Lokacin zuwa alamomi
Ƙasashen da abin ya shafa
Annobar da ke gudana
Yankunan da ke da hadari sun hada da Tsakiya/Arewacin Turai, Rasha, da sassan Gabashin Asiya. Allurar rigakafi tana da inganci sosai (jerin allura 3). Hadarin yana na lokaci-lokaci (Afrilu–Nuwamba) kuma yana da alaka da ayyukan waje a yankunan daji. Ka bincika fallasa ga kaska kowace rana kuma ka cire su cikin gaggawa.
Kumburen kwakwalwa na kaska (tick-borne encephalitis/TBE) cuta ce da kwayar cutar TBE virus ke haifarwa, kaska ke yaɗa ta. Tana shafar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi.
Alamomi | Yawan faruwa | Tsanani | Farawa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabi | 95% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Gajiya | 80% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Ciwon kai | 85% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Rashin jin daɗi | 70% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Ciwon tsoka | 75% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Ciwon gaɓoɓi | 25% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Rashin son ci | 50% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Tashin zuciya | 35% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Amai | 25% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Canjin hankali | 8% | Hadari | Kololuwar cuta |
| Rikicewa | 15% | Mai tsanani | Kololuwar cuta |
| Zazzabi mai tsanani | 25% | Mai tsanani | Kololuwar cuta |
| Taurin wuya | 24% | Mai tsanani | Kololuwar cuta |
| Shanyewar gaɓoɓi | 4% | Hadari | Kololuwar cuta |
| Rashin jure haske | 18% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Ciwon kai mai tsanani | 27% | Mai tsanani | Kololuwar cuta |
| Rawar jiki | 6% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Duhu a gani | 5% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Jiri | 15% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Jin ƙaiƙayi/cizon allura | 7% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Farfaɗiya | 1.5% | Hadari | Kololuwar cuta |
| Saurin fushi | 10% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
Kumburewar ƙwaƙwalwa ta ƙuma (TBE) cuta ce ta ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar cutar TBE (dangin Flaviviridae) ke haddasa ta. Ƙuma (ticks) irin Ixodes ne ke yaɗa ta, kuma ana iya kamuwa ta hanyar shan madaran da ba a tafasa ba. Nau'o'i uku: Turai (CFR <2%), Siberiya (CFR 6–8%), Gabashin duniya (CFR 20–40%). ~10,000–12,000 shari'o'i a kowace shekara musamman a Turai da Asiya. Akwai allurar rigakafi mai inganci.
Zazzabin kwakwalwa na kaska (Tick-Borne Encephalitis, TBE) kwayar cutar TBEV (Flaviviridae) ce ke haifarwa. Yaduwa: cizon kaska (tick) nau'in Ixodes. Cutar tana yaduwa ne a Turai ta tsakiya/arewa da Rasha. BA ta yaduwa a Najeriya ko Yammacin Afirka ba. Amma matafiya 'yan Najeriya da ke tafiya Turai (musamman zuwa dazuzzuka da gonakin karkara a Jamus, Austria, Sweden, Czech Republic, da sauransu) na cikin hadari. Allurar rigakafi ta TBE tana samuwa.
GAGGAWA: zazzabi ta matakai biyu + alamomin jijiya (rawan jiki, suma, shanye jiki) bayan tafiya Turai → je asibiti nan da nan.
Alamomi da alamu mafi yawa
Cutar tana da matakai biyu. Mataki na 1: zazzabi kamar mura (kwanaki 2-4). Mataki na 2 (~20-30% na marasa lafiya): kumburi na kwakwalwa (encephalitis) — rawan jiki (tremor), rashin tunani, suma; kumburi na membrane na kwakwalwa (meningitis); shanye jiki (flaccid paralysis).
Sanin alamomi shine mataki na farko don amsa cikin sauri.
Matakan cutar kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa na ƙaska (tsari mai mataki biyu, nau'in Turai):
Nau'in Gabashin Asiya: Sau da yawa yana da mataki ɗaya tare da saurin ci gaba zuwa kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa ba tare da lokacin hutu na mataki biyu ba.
Yadda ake gano wannan cutar
IgM/IgG ELISA a jini ko ruwan kashin baya (CSF). RT-PCR a cikin makon farko. Gwajin ruwan kashin baya: farin jini mai yawa (lymphocytic pleocytosis).
Hanyoyin magani da ake da su
Babu maganin kashe kwayar cutar. Magani na tallafawa: maganin rage zazzabi, maganin farfadiya idan ya faru, taimakon numfashi idan ya cancanta. Kashi 1-2% na marasa lafiya suna mutuwa; kashi 10-20% suna da alamomin jijiya na dogon lokaci.
Yawancin lokuta ana magance su yadda ya kamata tare da gano cutar da wuri.
Yadda za ka kare kanka
Allurar rigakafi ta TBE: jerin allurai 3. A yi allurar kafin tafiya zuwa yankunan da cutar ke yaduwa a Turai. Kariya daga cizon kaska: tufafi masu rufe jiki, DEET/permethrin, bincika jiki bayan ayyukan waje. A guji shan madara da ba a dafawa ba (raw milk) a yankunan kaska.
Shirye-shirye shine mafi kyawun kariya.
Matafiya 'yan Najeriya zuwa Turai ta tsakiya, Scandinavia, ko Rasha (Afrilu-Nuwamba) don ayyukan waje (hiking, camping): a yi la'akari da allurar rigakafin TBE. Idan kaska ya cije ka — cire shi da hankali kuma je asibiti.
Ƙididdiga da bayanan yanki
Kasa 10,000-15,000 a kowace shekara a Turai da Asiya. Yana ƙaruwa saboda sauyin yanayi da ke faɗaɗa wuraren kaska.
Wanene ke cikin haɗarin mafi girma
Ayyukan waje a yankunan daji/ciyawa a lokacin bazara (sansanonin zama, yawon buɗe ido, noma, gandun daji), rashin allurar rigakafi, shan madaran da ba a tafasa ba, mazauna yankunan da cutar ke yaɗuwa, shekaru >50 (tsananin cutar ya fi girma).
Rikitarwa da za ta iya faruwa
Kashi 1-2% na masu nau'in Turai suna mutuwa. Kashi 10-20% suna da naƙasun jijiyoyi na dindindin. Nau'in gabas (RSSE) ya fi haɗari — mutuwa 20-40%.
Sakamakon da ake tsammani da murmurewa
Nau'in Turai (TBEV-Eu):
CFR: 1–2%.
Lalacewar jijiyoyi a cikin 10–20% na marasa lafiyar kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa (lalacewar tunani, gajiya, ciwon kai, shanye).
Nau'in Gabashin Asiya (TBEV-FE):
CFR: 20–40%.
Yawan mummunar kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa da shanye na dindindin ya fi girma.
Nau'in Siberia: Tsanani tsakanin biyu. Cutar mai ci gaba na dindindin na iya yiwuwa.
Abubuwan da ke nuna hasashen warkarwa: Tsufan shekaru (fiye da 60) yana nuna mafi mummunar cuta da ƙarin mutuwa. Tsanani yana da alaƙa da nau'in ƙwayar cuta da amsar rigakafin mai haƙuri.
Warkarwa: Marasa sauƙi suna warke cikin makonni 1–2. Warkewar kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa na iya ɗaukar watanni. Cutar bayan kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa (gajiya, wahalar mai da hankali) ta fi yawa.
Ana iya hana wannan cuta ta hanyar allurar rigakafi. Kariya mai inganci tana samuwa.
Yi magana da ƙwararren lafiyar tafiya game da jadawalin da aka ba da shawarar kafin tafiyar ku.
Nemo asibitin allurar rigakafi →Abun ciki a wannan shafin don bayani da ilimi ne kawai. Ba ya zama shawarar likita, gano cuta, ko shawarwarin magani ba. Idan kuna da damuwar lafiya, tuntuɓi ƙwararren ma’aikacin lafiya. Medova ba mai ba da sabis na likitanci ba ne.
Cikakkun sharuɗɗan amfaniRarraba yanki da annobar da ke gudana
Kun san allurar rigakafin da kuke bukata? Da kyau. Ba ku sani ba? Ku gaya mana inda kuke tafiya — za mu nemo allurar da ta dace da asibiti. Kyauta, ba tare da wani hakki ba.
| Tuta | Ƙasa | Matakin haɗari |
|---|---|---|
 | Russian Federation | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Switzerland | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Croatia | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Hungary |
| Haɗari mai girma |
 | Germany | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Czechia | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Poland | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Austria | Haɗari mai girma |
 | China | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Slovakia | Haɗari mai girma |